Class IV: SCIENCE [Ch-5 Food- Our Basic Needs]

Define the terms

1. Nutrients- Substances essential for the proper growth and functioning of the body.

2. Balanced Diet- A diet that contains all the essential nutrients in the correct amount.

Answer in one line

1. Name the fat-soluble and water-soluble vitamins?

Ans. Fat-soluble Vitamins- Vitamins A, D, E, and K Water-soluble Vitamins- vitamins B and C.

2. What are the five main nutrients that our body requires?

Ans. The five main nutrients are- Carbohydrates, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals, and Proteins.

3. How are proteins useful?

Ans. Proteins build, maintain, and replace the tissues in our bodies. They are also known as bodybuilding nutrients. 

Answer in short

1. Write the function and sources of the following.

i) Calcium- Helps in building strong, healthy bones and teeth. Ex- milk, and cheese.

ii) Iodine- Helps in the production of thyroid hormone. Eg- Iodized salt.

Q2. What is the function of fats in the body? Write its sources.

Ans. Fats act as the body's reserve tank of energy. It protects vital organs by providing cushioning. It also keeps the body warm. Eg- Butter, Oil, Cheese.

Q3. Why water is essential for our body?

Ans. Water is essential for all essential functions-

i) It helps in digestion and the elimination of waste.

ii) it makes up more than half of our body weight.

Answer in detail

Q1. How does roughage in the diet help us?

Ans. Roughage or fiber is helpful in the diet as-

i) It helps food pass easily through the digestive system.

ii) It helps in preventing constipation.

iii) It helps to maintain body weight.

Q2. Why should we not have junk food too often?

Ans. We should not have junk food too often because it causes-

i) Obesity

ii) Digestive problems.

iii) Fatigue and weakness.

iv) It May affect the kidney, liver, and other organs.

Q3. What is preservation? Name the methods by which we preserve our food.

Ans. Food preservation is the method of keeping food healthy for a longer time. The methods by which we preserve our food are as follows-

i) Canning

ii) Salting

iii) Pickling

iv) Freezing

v) Drying

Give Reason

1. Tia is 4 years old. Give two reasons why she needs to have a good amount of proteins.

Ans. For proper body growth and immune system.

2. Why do we need to drink more water in hot weather and after exercising?

Ans. To replace the excessive water lost due to sweating.

3. Can you say why is it important to boil milk before consuming it?

Ans. Because boiling kills harmful germs.

Chapter Completed