Ancient Olympic Games
According to another story, wrestling took place between the Gods and Goddesses to assert their rights on this earth. This wrestling took place between Zeus and Kronos in which Zeus became the winner. To celebrate the victory, the games and sports were started.
But in 394 CE, Theodosius, the King of Rome, stopped the ancient Olympic Games. Stadiums were destroyed. But even after that the memory of these games remained in the hearts of the natives. They could not forget these games even after many centuries.
Rules for Competitions
When the Olympic Games were organised in 776 BCE, certain rules were framed for competitors of various sports competitions, which were engraved on a bronze plate. These rules are given below.
The competitor must be only a Greek, completely from a Hellenic race and must be physically fit.
Savages and punished persons were not allowed to participate in these games.
The competitors had to stay in Olympia for one month before the beginning of the Olympic Games. They had to take an oath that they had already taken the training for 10 months in their state.
Women were not allowed to participate in competitions or see these games.
For participation in games, participants had to practise for one month.
Only amateur sports persons could participate in these games and not the professionals.
Opening Ceremony of Games
On the day of the opening ceremony, all the players, their brothers, fathers and trainers used to assemble in the auditorium. The experts of sports and games made them take the oath that they would participate in the games according to rules and they had got the training of ten months. After that, a pig was killed and offered to the God named Zeus Harikos. After this ritual, one by one, all the players used to come out of the sports arena. Exactly at that time, the players were introduced to the spectators. If one of the spectators had any objection against any player, he was not allowed to participate in the competitions. Rest of the players, who faced no objection against them, were allowed to participate. After that the declaration was made to start the games.
Awards
Less attention was paid to awards in the ancient Olympic Games. Only food grains and animals were given as a reward. After that, a crown made of olive leaves was given to the winners. More stress was laid on respect and honour, instead of awards, to the players in these games. Statues were also made of the winners. Poems were also composed in praise of winners and their names were recorded in the annals of history. Even the players used to participate in these games for respect and honour and not for the sake of awards.
Modern Olympic Games
The credit to start the modern Olympic Games goes to Pierre, Baron de Coubertin of France. Coubertin was born in Paris in January 1862. His family members wanted him to join the army so he joined the Sainik Academy. But after some time, he left it and started studying political science. Having studied political science, he came to know about the national and international problems. He thought national and international problems could easily be solved through the Olympic Games. It was Coubertin's dream to restart the ancient Olympic Games at world level. For this purpose, he called a meeting of various countries in 1893. Some countries, viz., Italy, Greece, Spain and Sweden were in favour of commencing these games, whereas rest of the countries opposed it. Again on 16 June 1894, a meeting of 13 countries was held in Paris in which 75 representatives participated. It was presided over by Coubertin and it was resolved that "Sports competitions should be held every fourth year on the lines of Greek Olympic Games and every nation should be invited to participate." After much endeavour, Coubertin succeeded in enlisting worldwide support and the first modern Olympic.
In the 1896 Athens Olympic Games, the first modern Olympic Games, only nine countrie: participated. This number gradually increased and in the 1972 Munich (West Germany Olympic games, 122 countries participated. Three Olympics could not be held during two World Wars.
Concept And Olympic values
Olympism is a philosophy of life, exalting and combining in a balanced whole the qualities of body, will and mind. Blending sport with culture and education, Olympism seeks to create a way of life based on the joy found in effort, the educational value of good examples and respect for universal fundamental ethical principles. This philosophy is developed and endorsed by the International Olympic Committee.
Olympic values
There are three values of. The Olympics, which are as:
Excellence
The main objective of the Olympic Gig is to prove its worth by providing a congenial and healthy environment for the participants and not discourage them by inappropriate and unhealthy environment. Its main aim is to maintain healthy competition among the participants, discourage all barriers in the competition and maintain the goal of attaining success and to reach the pinnacle of achievement.
Respect
By the sporty environment provided by the Olympics, during the organisation of various games, people come and interact with each other. The participants develop respect for each other. The sportsperson of one country would become aware of the culture, food and attire of another country. And they develop respect for each other's country.
Friendship
In the Olympics, participants from different countries of all the continents take part, as it provides them an opportunity to meet and interact with each other. As a result, a
a sense of friendship grows in them. Nations, whose relations are strained, also have a fine opportunity to meet each other, which creates the possibility of friendship. The sense of friendship among the players also increases the feeling of brotherhood which, in turn, help to curb discrimination.
Olympic Motto
The Olympic motto comprises three Latin words-Citius -Altius- Fortius which means Faster-Higher-Stronger respectively.
Didon in 1895.
Olympic Flag
The Olympic flag was created in 1913 at the suggestion of Baron de Coubertin. It was first solemnly inaugurated in Paris in June 1914. But it was hoisted for the first time in the Olympic stadium at the Antwerp Olympic Games which were held in 1920. The Olympic flag is made of white silk and contains five interlocking rings/ circles in five colours representing five continents of the world, viz., America, Europe, Australia, Asia and Africa. The Olympic flag's five rings have different colours: yellow, green, red, blue and black. The interlocking of rings/circles symbolises cooperation and friendship.
Olympic Flame
The Olympic flame is a symbol of knowledge, life and happiness. It also symbolises peace. This flame or torch is lit or kindled in the Olympic village of Greece and it is carried by the runners to the place where the Olympic Games are going to be organised. During this process it keeps burning. At the end of the closing ceremony of these games this flame is extinguished.
Olympic Awards
The first, second and third position holders are awarded with gold, silver and bronze medals and a certificate, respectively. The next five position holders are also awarded with certificates only.
Olympic Oath
We swear that we will take part in the Olympic Games in loyal competition, respecting the regulations which govern them and desirous of participating in them in the true spirit of sportsmanship for the honour of our country and for the glory of sports.
Rules for Competitors
All males and females can participate in Olympic games if they are amateur. But nowadays, professionals are also allowed to participate in some of the sports. These sports persons are sent by the National Olympic Committee. No sports person can participate in these games without the approval as well as recommendation of the National Olympic Committee.
Opening Ceremony of Olympic Games
First of all, the Olympic torch or flame is lit through sun rays in the Olympic village (Greece) and it is brought to that city where the Olympic Games are going to be held. The president or prime minister declares the games open in the stadium. Before this process, all the sportspersons take part in the march past and they take oath. Later on, recreational and cultural programmes are organised. The Olympic flag is hoisted and the Olympic flame of the stadium is kindled by the torch.
Closing Ceremony of Olympic Games
Sportspersons from all the countries assemble in the stadium for the closing ceremony. The mayor of that city and the president of the managing committee escort the president of the International Olympic Committee to the stadium. He/She declares the games closed. After that, the Olympic flag is lowered and it is given to the mayor of the city. Various cultural programmes are organised. The Olympic flame is extinguished. At last the games come to an end with the Olympic song.
INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE
Inspired by ancient olympic games, Baron Pierre de Coubertin founded the International Olympic Committee in 1894, leading to the first olympic games in Athens in 1896. The IOC is now the governing body of olympics. Creation of winter olympic games, paralympic games, youth olympic games, and the world Games for sports that are not contested in the olympic games are the change that this sport movement has brought about.
The olympic movement has led to the development of friendship across the nations as well as the concept of fair play.
French and English are the official languages of the Olympic movement. The other language used at the Olympic Games is the language of the host country.
IOC is a non-governmental sports organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland.
National Olympic Committee (NOC)
The National Olympic Committees are the representatives of Olympism around the world.
Are currently 204 of them.
53 NOCs in Africa
41 NOCS in America
+44 NOCS in Asia
+49 NOCS in Europe
+ 17 NOCs in Oceania
The NOCS carry out many different functions in their respective countries, from the development of sport at all levels, to the creation of educational programmes to the ongoing training of sports administrators. They are also responsible for sending a delegation of athletes to the Olympic Games and, since 2010, to the Youth Olympic Games. The NOCS ensure that all the programmes carried out at a national level conform to the principles of the Olympic Charter.
The International Federations (IFS)
The International Federations (IFS) are the experts in Olympic sports. Each sport has been governed at a global level. The promotion and development of the sport and the development of the athletes, are ensured by the IFS at all levels. During the Olympic Games, the IFS are responsible for the practical organisation of the sports events of the programme. The technical aspects of a sport are the responsibility of IFS: the rules, equipment, venues, judging, etc. Here are some examples of Olympic federations:
Summer Sports: International Association Of Athletics Federations (IAAF), International Gymnastics Federation (FIG), International Cycling Union (UCI) Winter Sports: International Ski Federation (FIS)' International Skating Union (ISU), International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF).
Other Members
The Organising Committees for the Olympic Games (OCOGS)
They are responsible for the Games. The task is enormous. Since the very moment selected to host the Games, to carry out all the necessary According to the plans proposed ill File, the Organising Committee Conflicts in the world. To carry out this mission.
Sport and Environment Commission
Since the early 1990s, the IOC has been working to promote sustainable development. The main role of the IOC Sport and Environment Commission is to advise the Olympic Movement on policy in the areas of environmental protection and sustainable development. It also ensures that the Olympic Games are held in conditions which respect the environment. The aim is to reduce or even eliminate environmental risks, in order to leave a positive Games' legacy for the host city, region and country.
Medical and Scientific Commission
The Olympic Movement takes its responsibility to protect the rights, health and well-being of athletes very seriously. The Medical and Scientific Commission was originally created to deal with its main priority, the fight against doping; but this today is taken care of by the World AntiDoping Agency (WADA). The IOC's educational mission also includes preventive efforts to inform both elite and amateur athletes of the disastrous health consequences of doping. The Commission's other main goal is to support sports medicine, biomechanics, sporting physiology and nutrition research designed to protect the health of the athlete. After doping, the sports movement is now facing a new threat to its integrity, cheating linked to sports betting. To monitor sports betting in the Olympic competitions, since the 2008 Games in Beijing, the IOC has used an alerts system developed in cooperation with the main betting operators and various national online gambling regulators. In the area of education, the IOC has run informative and preventive awareness programmes for the athletes since the 2010 Youth Olympic Games in Singapore. The IOC also encourages governments to pass legislation to enable them to effectively combat any manipulation of sports competitions and thereby help safeguard the integrity of sport.
Stadiums, training halls and the Olympic Village as well as provide all of the organisation its infrastructure necessary for smooth running of the Games. To achieve this, the work closely with the IFS. It also ensures an efficient, transport and medical services for everyone, from athletes to Cultural programmes are also created by the (COGs. Concerts, plays, ballets and exhibitions held during the Olympic Games make them different from most of the other sports events. During the Games, the OCOG benefits greatly from the assistance of thousands of volunteers. The OCOG recruits, then trains people from the host country and
also from abroad. The volunteers' activities vary widely: from transporting athletes to hospitality and administration, to give just a few examples. Jobs are allocated according to the talents and experience of each individual. After the Games, the final task of the OCOG is to compile the Official Report of the Games.
The Olympic Solidarity Commission and the Women and Sport Commission both work towards achieving greater equality in the world of sport. Olympic Solidarity makes sure that all athletes have the same chance of participating in the Games. High-level sports facilities, benefit from a specialised coach or receive the appropriate medical backup can be attained through the scholarships provided to the athletes. The Commission also gives money to improve the sports infrastructure in various countries and to train sports leaders and coaches.
The Women and Sport Commission was created in 1995 which works for gender equality and became fully engaged in 2004. Its goal is to make access to sport in general and the Olympic Games easier for female athletes; to increase the number of women in sports administration and management, by offering regional seminars to female sports administrators, coaches, technical officials and journalists focused on leadership, competences and management and by granting scholarships to young female athletes and coaches.
International Olympic Truce Foundation (IOTF)
Taking into account the global context of sport and the Olympic Games, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) decided to revive the tradition and values of Olympics in order to preserve, to the possible extent, the interests of the athletes and sport and to encourage the full and diplomatic solutions to the.
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